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Lab Quiz
Acid/Base Balance
Lab Quiz
This activity contains 25 questions.
What is the normal pH range in the human body?
Between 7.2 and 7.35
Between 7.35 and 7.45
Between 7.45 and 7.50
Between 7.50 and 7.60
When the body's pH rises above 7.45, what is this condition called?
Acidosis
Alkalosis
A pH above 7.45 is considered normal.
Metabolic acidosis
Refer to Activity 1: Normal Breathing. What was the pH after 40 seconds?
Approximately 6.4
Approximately 7.0
Approximately 7.4
Approximately 8.0
How did the pH level of the blood change during normal breathing?
It increased.
It decreased.
It remained unchanged.
How did the Pco
2
level change during the course of normal breathing?
It increased.
It decreased.
It remained unchanged.
Refer to Hyperventilation---Run 2. How did the pH of the blood change during hyperventilation?
The pH increased during hyperventilation.
The pH decreased during hyperventilation.
The pH remained constant throughout the experiment.
How did the Pco
2
level change during hyperventilation?
It remained unchanged.
It decreased during hyperventilation.
It increased during hyperventilation.
What would NOT cause a person to hyperventilate?
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Fever
Anxiety
Refer to Activity 2b: Hyperventilation-- Run 2. What happened to the trace after the 20-second mark? Did the breathing return to normal immediately?
The trace flat-lined / no.
The trace decreased / no.
The trace peaked / yes.
The trace flat-lined / yes.
How did the pH level of the blood change during rebreathing?
It increased beyond the normal range.
It gradually decreased over time.
It was always within the normal range.
It gradually increased over time.
When the body's pH dips below 7.35, what is this condition called?
Acidosis
Alkalosis
A pH below 7.35 is considered normal.
Metabolic alkalosis
How did the Pco
2
change during rebreathing?
It increased over time.
It decreased over time.
It remain unchanged.
How did the tidal volumes for rebreathing differ from the trace for normal breathing?
They were larger.
They were identical.
They flat-lined.
They were smaller.
Refer to Activity 4: Renal Response to Normal Acid-Base Balance. At normal Pco
2
and pH levels, what level of H
+
was present in the urine?
Normal
Increased
Decreased
No H
+
was present
At normal Pco
2
and pH levels, what level of [HCO
3
-
] was present in the urine?
Normal
Increased
Decreased
No [HCO
3
-
] was present.
How does Pco
2
levels affect pH levels?
As Pco
2
increases, pH levels decrease.
As Pco
2
increases, pH levels increase.
Pco
2
levels have no effect on pH levels.
As Pco
2
decreases, pH levels decrease.
Refer to Activity 5: Renal Response to Respiratory Alkalosis. How did the level of [H
+
] in the urine change as Pco
2
levels decreased?
As Pco
2
levels decreased, the level of [H
+
] in the urine decreased.
As Pco
2
levels decreased, the level of [H
+
] in the urine increased.
The level of [H
+
] in the urine never changed.
[H
+
] disappeared from the urine altogether.
How did the level of [HCO
3
-
] in the urine change as Pco
2
levels decreased?
As Pco
2
levels decreased, [HCO
3
-
] in the urine increased.
As Pco
2
levels decreased, [HCO
3
-
] in the urine decreased.
The level of [HCO
3
-
] in the urine never changed.
[HCO
3
-
] in the urine disappeared altogether.
Why does hyperventilation result in alkalosis?
Less CO
2
is expelled by the body during hyperventilation.
The reduction of CO
2
inside the blood results in more [H
+
] being generated, which can cause pH levels to rise to the point of alkalosis.
More CO
2
is being retained by the body during hyperventilation.
More CO
2
is expelled by the body during hyperventilation.
Refer to Activity 6: Renal Response to Respiratory Acidosis. Why does rebreathing result in acidosis?
During rebreathing, more carbon dioxide is retained by the body.
During rebreathing, more carbon dioxide is expelled by the body.
The increase of carbon dioxide inside the blood results in more [H
+
] being generated, which can cause pH levels to dip to the point of alkalosis.
The decrease of carbon dioxide inside the blood can cause pH levels to dip to the point of acidosis.
Refer to Activities 7, 8 and 9. As the body's metabolic rate increased, how did the respective levels of Pco
2
and [H
+
] change?
Pco
2
increased / [H
+
] increased
Pco
2
increased / [H
+
] decreased
Pco
2
and [H
+
] levels did not change.
Pco
2
stayed the same / [H
+
] increased.
As the body's metabolic rate increased, how did respiration and blood pH change?
Respiration increased, blood pH increased
Respiration decreased, blood pH increased.
Respiration increased, blood pH decreased
Respiration and blood pH did not change.
Explain why [H
+
] decreased as the body's metabolic rate decreased.
Respiration increased.
Less carbon dioxide was formed as a metabolic waste product, which caused a decrease in [H
+
] generation.
More carbon dioxide was formed as a metabolic waste product, which caused a decrease in [H
+
] generation.
The plasma pH decreased.
By the time the respiratory system fully compensated for alkalosis, how would you expect the pH values to change?
You would expect pH values to remain the same.
You would expect pH values to decrease to normal values.
You would expect pH values to increase to normal values.
What factors affect the rate of cell metabolism?
Fever
Stress
The ingestion of food.
A decrease in body temperature
All of the above
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